داروهای تائید شده: تا این لحظه

1. Avonex (intramuscular interferon beta 1a) (Biogen Idec)
2. Betaseron (Extavia) (subcutaneous interferon beta 1b) (Bayer / Novartis)
3. Copaxone (glatiramir acetate) (Teva)
4. Gilenya (aka fingolimod or FTY720) (Novartis)
5. Novantrone (mitoxantrone) (Merck Serono / OSI)
6. Rebif (subcutaneous interferon beta 1a) (Merck Serono)
7. Tysabri (natalizumab) (Biogen Idec / Elan)


داروها و درمانهای معمولی که انحصاری نیستند

1. Antibiotics: Doxycycline, Amoxicillin, Rifampin, Metronidazole — OR — Doxycycline, Roxithromycin, Metronidazole — OR — Rifampin, Azithromycin, Flagyl
2. Azathioprine (aka Imuran)
3. Corticosteroids (especially methylprednisolone)
4. Cyclophosphamide (aka Cytoxan)
5. Intravenous Immune Globulin (IVIg)
6. Low-Dose Naltrexone (LDN)
7. Methotrexate
8. Mycophenolate mofetil (aka Cellcept)
9. Plasma exchange (aka plasmapheresis)


داروهایی که در فاز 3 قرار دارند و به زودی به بازار می آیند (حد اکثر زمان ماندن در این فاز3 تا 4 سال)

1. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Multiple Sclerosis International Stem Cell Transplant Trial)
2. BG12 (Biogen)
3. Campath (aka alemtuzumab or Lemtrada) (Genzyme)
4. Cannabinoids – oral (PPMS) (Clinical Neurology Research Group – Plymouth)
5. Daclizumab (aka Zenapax) (also in a phase 2 trial) (Facet Biotech, Biogen-Idec)
6. Gilenya (aka fingolimod or FTY720) (PPMS) (Novartis)
7. Interferon beta 1a – PEGylated (bi-weekly or monthly injection) (Biogen Idec)
8. Laquinimod (aka ABR-215062) (Teva)
9. Masitinib (SPMS and PPMS) (aka Kinavet or AB1010) (AB Science)
10. Minocycline (MS Society of Canada, MS Scientific Research Foundation)
11. MN-166 (aka ibudilast and Ketas) (Medicinova)
12. Ocrelizumab (aka R1594) (trials for PPMS and RRMS) (Genentech, Roche, Biogen)
13. Progestin and Estradiol (Hospices Civils de Lyon)
14. Revimmune (aka Cyrevia OR high-dose cyclophosphamide) (Accentia Biopharmaceuticals)
15. T-Cell Vaccination (aka TCV-01-002) (Sheba Medical Center)
16. Teriflunomide (aka HMR 1726) (Sanofi-Aventis)


داروهایی که در فاز 2 قرار دارند (حداکثر زمان ماندن در این فاز 2 تا 3 سال )

1. Abatacept (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)
2. ACT-128800 (aka ponesimod) (Actelion)
3. AIN457 (aka secukinumab) (Novartis)
4. Alferon N Injection (Hemispherx Biopharma)
5. Amiloride (Oxford University) (trial for primary progressive patients)
6. ATL/TV 1102 (Antisense Therapeutics / Teva)
7. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HALT MS)
8. Bacille Calmette-Guèrin (BCG) Vaccine
9. BAF312 (Novartis)
10. BHT-3009-01 (aka DNA vaccine) (Bayhill Therapeutics)
11. Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) treatment (University of Ferrera and Bellaria Hospital, Bologna)
12. E2007 (Eisai)
13. EGCg (aka Epigallocatechin-Gallate) (Charite University, Berlin)
14. Enkorten (aka FAR404) (Farmacija)
15. Erythropoietin (aka EPO) (Institut fuer anwendungsorientierte Forschung und klinische Studien gGmbH)
16. ESP (an analogue of a metabolite of azathioprine) (Biomolecular Pharma / Mount Allison University)
17. Estroprogestins (with IFN beta 1a) (S. Andrea Hospital)
18. Firategrast (aka SB-683699 and T-0047) (oral) (Glaxosmithkline / Tanabe)
19. Fluoxetine (aka Prozac) (SP, PP & RRMS) (University Medical Center Groningen)
20. Flupirtine (Bayer / Schering)
21. GEM-SP (SPMS) (Gemac Pharma)
22. Helminth-induced immunomodulation therapy (HINT) (2 studies: University of Wisconsin, Rigshospitalet, Denmark)
23. Hookworm (WIRMS – Worms for Immune Regulation in MS) (UK) (RRMS)
24. Idebenone (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
25. Interferon alpha (oral) (University of Texas-Houston)
26. Lamotrigine (with Interferon Beta 1a) (Cantonal Hospital of St. Gallen, Switzerland)
27. Lipitor (aka atorvastatin) (Pfizer)
28. Lithium (US Department of Veterans Affairs)
29. LY2127399 (Anti-BAFF Human Antibody) (Eli Lilly)
30. Melatonin (Tehran University of Medical Sciences)
31. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (4 trials)
32. Methotrexate – intrathecal
33. Minocycline (2 trials: 1 with copaxone, 1 with rebif)
34. MIS416 (trial for progressive MS) (Innate Therapeutics)
35. Mycophenolate mofetil (aka Cellcept) (with Avonex)
36. Myelin Peptides (epicutaneous immunisation) (Medical University of Lodz, Poland)
37. NT-KO-003 (Advancell and Neurotec Pharma)
38. NeuroVax (Immune Response BioPharma)
39. Ofatumumab (aka HuMax-CD20) (Genmab and Glaxosmithkline)
40. Omega-3 fatty acids (University of Washington)
41. ONO-4641 (Ono Pharmaceutical)
42. Phenytoin (University College, London)
43. PI-2301 (Merck Serono)
44. Pixantrone (aka BBR 2778 ) (Cell Therapeutics)
45. Riluzole (with Avonex) (UCSF)
46. RPI-78M (Nutra Pharma / ReceptoPharm)
47. RTL1000 (Artielle ImmunoTherapeutics)
48. Stem cell transplant from donor (allogeneic) (Duke University)
49. Tovaxin (Opexa)
50. Trimesta (oral) (estriol) (with copaxone) (Adeona Pharmaceuticals)
51. Vitamin D3 (with calcium) (Johns Hopkins University, Carmel Medical Center, Merck, Charite University, University of Turku)
52. Zocor (aka simvastatin) (RRMS and SPMS) (Merck Serono)



داروهایی که فاز یک را طی می کنند (حد اکثر زمان ماندن در این فاز یک تا 2 سال)

1. Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH, administered as Acthar Gel) (with interferon beta) (University of Southern California)
2. ARX424 (Merck Serono)
3. ATX-MS1467 (Apitope Technology / Merck Serono)
4. AZ01 (Interferon beta 1a – pegylated – bi-weekly or monthly injection) (Allozyne)
5. BaroFeron (aka NU100) (Nuron Biotech and BaroFold)
6. BIIB033 (aka Anti-Lingo) (Biogen)
7. CS-0777 (Daiichi-Sankyo)
8. ELND002 (Elan Pharmaceuticals)
9. Extended Release Formulation of IFNbeta-1a (Merck Serono)
10. GBR 500 (Glenmark Pharmaceuticals)
11. GSK1223249 (NOGO-A mAb) (GlaxoSmithKline)
12. GSK2018682 (sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor-1) (GlaxoSmithKline)
13. Lipoic acid (Oregon Health and Science University)
14. Low Fat Diet (Oregon Health and Science University)
15. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation (autologous) (Cleveland Clinic)
16. Monoclonal antibody against MSRV/HERV-W (GeNeuro)
17. MOR103 (MorphoSys)
18. NI-0401 (NovImmune)
19. PDA-001 (cenplacel-L) (Celgene Cellular Therapeutics)
20. Peptide-coupled, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (Hamburg, Munich, Chicago)
21. Prolactin (aka NTx-488) (Stem Cell Therapeutics / University of Calgary)
22. RGN-352 (RegeneRx)
23. RPC1063 (Receptos)
24. TK54 (LTKfarma)
25. Valomaciclovir (aka EPB-348) (Epiphany Biosciences)


داروهایی که در مرحله پیش بالینی هستند (یک سال)

1. AEG35156 (XIAP antagonist) (Aegera)
2. Aequorin (Quincy Bioscience)
3. Arvanil (synthetic capsaicin-anandamide hybrid)
4. AT-008 (Androclus)
5. AZD 8797 (AstraZeneca)
6. Bowmann-Birk Inhibitor Concentrate (BBIC) (Jefferson Medical College)
7. Calpeptin (calpain-specific inhibitor) (Medical U of S Carolina)
8. Cathepsin S (Medivir)
9. CD3 antibodies (Harvard)
10. CD83 (Argos Therapeutics)
11. CEP-701 (Johns Hopkins)
12. CF101 (Can Fite BioPharma)
13. CF402 (Can Fite BioPharma)
14. CGEN-54 (Compugen)
15. CHR-1103 (Chromos)
16. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)
17. CRA-028129 (cathepsin S inhibitor) (Schering)
18. CT301 (University of Western Ontario)
19. CYLA (calpain inhibitor) (SUNY Downstate Medical Center)
20. Dilantin (phenytoin) (Yale University)
21. DP IV and APN inhibition (Otto-von-Guericke University, Germany)
22. DZ2002 (Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica)
23. Epratuzumab (IMMU-103) (Immunomedics)
24. ESPRIT (Exon Skipping Pre-RNA Interference) (AVI BioPharma)
25. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) ligand (UCLA)
26. Fasudil (Kyushu University)
27. Gemfibrozil (aka Lopid) (Rush University)
28. GEMS-001 (Gemacbio)
29. Glial Growth Factor 2 (aka GGF2) (Acorda)
30. Glucosamine (Thomas Jefferson University)
31. hBCMA-Fc (La Trobe University - Australia)
32. HE3204 (Hollis-Eden)
33. IL-1ra gene therapy (San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan)
34. Interferon-beta - electroporation (EP)-mediated intramuscular IFN-beta gene transfer (Cleveland Clinic)
35. LF 15-0195 (Universite Paul Sabatier, France)
36. LJP 1207 (La Jolla Pharmaceuticals)
37. LLDT-8 (Chinese Academy of Sciences)
38. LX2931 (Lexicon Genetics)
39. MCT-175 (MultiCell)
40. Mikbeta1 (National Institutes of Health)
41. MTA (methylthioadenosine) (University of Navarra - Spain)
42. MT203 (human anti-GM-CSF IgG1 antibody) (Micromet AG)
43. NAPVSIPQ (NAP) (Allon)
44. Neurodur (Ceptor)
45. Neutrazumab (C5a Receptor antagonist) (G2 Therapies)
46. Nicotinamide (a form of vitamin B3) (Children's Hospital - Boston)
47. ONO-2506 (arundic acid) (Takizawa et al)
48. OPN-101 (Opsona)
49. Peptidomimetics of apoE protein (apolipoprotein), COG133 (Duke University)
50. PLP-BPI (University of Kansas)
51. PXS25 / PXS64 (Pharmaxis)
52. PXS2076 (Pharmaxis)
53. Q-Cells (Q Therapeutics)
54. QR-442 (Quigley)
55. R348 (Rigel)
56. RheoSwitch Therapeutic System + TriGrid Delivery System (RheoGene, Ichor Medical Systems)
57. ROB 895 (Oxypharma)
58. ShK(L5) (UC Irvine)
59. STA-5326 (Synta Pharmaceuticals)
60. sTNFR:Fc/p80 (Medical University of Lodz, Poland)
61. Symadex (imidazoacridinone) (Xanthus)
62. Syntonix Transceptor/SynFusion (inhaled interferon-beta:Fc) (Syntonix/Serono)
63. Tetracycline (non-antibacterial) (Paratek)
64. Timcodar (Recovexx)
65. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (aka VIP)
66. Vitamin B12 (Hospital for Sick Children - Toronto)
67. VX15 (Vaccinex and Teva)
68. 13-cis-retinoic acid (Kinemed)
69. 15d-PGJ(2) (University of Arkansas)
70. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-beta-4-ribofuranoside (AICAR) (Medical University of South Carolina)




داروهای برای ام اس از نوع پیش رونده



داروهایی که فاز 3 را طی می کنند


- Cannabinoids - oral (PPMS) (Clinical Neurology Research Group - Plymouth)
- Gilenya (aka FTY720 and fingolimod) (PPMS) (Novartis)
- Masitinib (SPMS and PPMS) (aka Kinavet or AB1010) (AB Science)
- Ocrelizumab (R1594) (trial for PPMS) (Genentech, Roche, Biogen)
- Revimmune (aka high dose cyclophosphamide or cytoxan) (Accentia Biopharmaceuticals) (refractory MS - includes SPMS I think, not sure about PPMS)


داروهایی که فاز 2 را طی می کنند

- Amiloride (Oxford University) (PPMS)
- Fluoxetine (aka Prozac) (SP, PP & RRMS) (University Medical Center Groningen)
- GEM-SP (SPMS) (Gemacbio)
- Idebenone (National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke)
- Lithium (US Department of Veterans Affairs)
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells (4 trials listed in clinicaltrials.gov)
- MIS416 (progressive MS) (Innate Therapeutics)
- PI-2301 (Peptimmune)
- Pixantrone (aka BBR 2778) (SPMS) (Cell Therapeutics)
- RTL1000 (Artielle ImmunoTherapeutics)
- Zocor (aka simvastatin) (SPMS) (MS-STAT trial - UK)